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Elementary Course Descriptions
Mathematics
Focus Areas for K-4 through Fifth Grade:
- Number (Properties, Operations, Computation)
- Algebra (Patterns, Relations, Functions)
- Geometry (Spatial Sense)
- Measurement (Units, Systems, Processes)
- Data Analysis and Probability
K-4 – Number: recognize groups up to three without counting, understand concept of zero, count to 10 or higher, recognize and name most numerals 1-10, and count, separate, and combine sets of objects. Patterns: recognize, extend, and analyze simple patterns. Geometry: basic shapes, location words. Measurement: order objects by size, use shapes to cover area. Time: Use time words and terms correctly. Data: match, sort, classify and describe similarities and differences, and create graphs. Money: recognize and name some coins.
Kindergarten – Number: recognize number in sets up to 5 without counting, count fluently by one to 100 or more, compare and order numbers up to 20, use objects to solve addition and subtraction problems, divide objects into equal groups, use models to show fractions: halves, thirds, fourths, learn strategies for basic addition and subtraction facts. Patterns: Identify and extend counting patterns by 5s and 10s, recognize change in seasons, temperature, and height. Geometry: build two-dimensional figures, identify symmetry, describe relative position of objects. Measurement: compare time units: day, week, month, season, year, say days of the week, order events, tell time to hour using both analog and digital clocks, name and know value of penny, nickel, dime, and quarter, use measurement tools: balance, scale, ruler, thermometer. Data: analyze and interpret concrete and pictorial graphs
First Grade – Number: recognize number in sets up to 10 without counting, count and write by 1, 5, and 10 to 100 or more, read and write number names and numerals to twenty, compare numbers less than 100, ordinals to twenty, fractions as equal parts of a whole and halves, thirds, fourths, commutative and identity properties of addition, know basic addition and subtraction facts fluently. Patterns: count and write by 2’s, use charts and tables to solve problems. Geometry: compare three-dimensional solids, identify symmetry by folding. Measurement: number of days in week and month, name months in sequence, tell time to half-hour, elapsed time to the hour, compare value of coins up to $1.00,use measuring tools for length, weight, capacity, and mass. Data: make, analyze, interpret graphs.
Second Grade – Number: know addition facts through 20, add and subtract fluently, count by 2, 5, and 3, read and write numerals to 1000, recognize place value of hundreds, tens, and ones, Use ordinals: first-eighteenth, compare any two numbers <100 using symbols (=, <, >), read, write and model fractions, use the commutative and associative properties of addition, determine odd and even numbers, add and subtract two-digit numbers. Patterns: multiples of 10 and 100, use charts and tables to solve problems. Geometry: describe three-dimensional solids by faces, classify and describe two-dimensional figures, congruent figures, single transformation. Measurement: identify months (with number of days), elapsed time within a month, time to 5-minute intervals, elapsed time in hours, use fewest coins to show amounts to $1.00, use dollar sign and decimal point, compare temperatures on a Fahrenheit scale, measure length, capacity/volume, and mass using customary and metric units, find perimeter, find area using a grid. Data: compare data using charts and graphs.
Third Grade – Number: write/compare whole numbers to 10,000, expanded notation, compare/order 4-digit numbers, fractional parts of a whole or set, write equivalent fractions using models, decimals to hundredths in money, commutative and identity properties of multiplication, add and subtract multi-digit numbers, round numbers to 100, know multiplication facts, multiply and divide 2-digit by 1-digit numbers. Algebra: use multiples of 10 and 100, write/solve equations to find unknown number, use symbols (<, >, =, ≠) to compare and solve equations, complete/explain charts/tables. Geometry: build/compare three-dimensional solids using faces, edges, vertices, identify regular polygons, draw and label: line, line segment, ray, intersecting and parallel lines, symmetry in a polygon, describe a flip, slide , and turn, points on a coordinate grid. Measurement: days and weeks in year, elapsed time in months, minutes in hour, explain A.M. and P.M., time to minute and use half-past, quarter after, quarter “till”, elapsed time to 5-minute intervals, count change with fewest coins up to $10.00, Fahrenheit and Celsius temperatures, standard units (length, capacity, weight), convert larger units to smaller, find perimeter, area, and volume. Data: design a survey question, organize and interpret data, simple probability experiments.
Fourth Grade – Number: write/compare whole numbers to 1,000,000, expanded notation, understand whole-part relationship of fractions, write/compare decimals to hundredths, equivalent fractions and decimals using money, associative and zero properties of multiplication, odd/even numbers, divisibility rules, multiply (2-digit by 2-digit) and divide (3-digit by 2-digit) fluently. Algebra: use multiples of 10, 100, and 1,000, write equations to find unknown, create a chart/table to organize and explain information, proportional change. Geometry: classify 3-dimensional solids, regular and irregular polygons, draw and describe: line, line segment, ray, angle, intersecting, perpendicular, and parallel lines, 90 degree angle, identify: slide, flip, turn, locate points on coordinate grid, construct 3-dimensional model. Measurement: seconds in a minute, convert hours and minutes to solve problems, elapsed time to 5-minute intervals, change with fewest coins, measurement problems using customary and metric units. Data: graphs with intervals greater than one, predict probability.
Fifth Grade – Number: fractions, ratios, percents, decimal place value, equivalent fractions, decimals and percents, round/compare decimals to hundredths, square numbers, commutative, associative and distributive properties, use parentheses, multiply 3-digit by 2-digit numbers, divide with 2-digit divisor, use factors. Algebra: pattern/function tables, algebraic expressions, tables and graphs. Geometry: regular/irregular polygons, angles (types/parts), circles, predict transformations, coordinates, two-dimensional patterns for cubes. Measurement: elapsed time, angles/degrees, distance, customary unit conversions, prefixes: milli-, centi-, kilo-, linear, square and cubic units. Data: numerical/categorical, construct and interpret tables/graphs, find range, mean, median, mode.
Science
Students know and discern the world in which they live through observation, study, and experimentation, including the use of available equipment and technology. They question, observe, compare, use tools, describe, explain, predict, use data to solve problems, and use appropriate scientific language in these areas: Life Science, Physical Science, and Earth Science. Student exploration leads to greater explanation and appreciation of God’s creation and encourages responsible stewardship.
K-4 – Living Things: Animals and Plants * What Are Things Made of? (Matter) * What Is the World Like? (air, water, soil, rocks, clouds, sun, moon, stars, seasons)
Kindergarten – Classify Living and Nonliving Things * Seasonal Changes in the Environment * Plant Growth (pumpkins and apples) * Uses of Electricity * Magnets * Teeth * Natural Resources * Metamorphosis (butterflies and frogs)
First Grade – Seasonal Changes in Plants and Animals (including characteristics and needs) * Spiders * Five Senses Unit * Dental Health * Light and Heat (natural and artificial sources) * Magnets (use to show attraction and repulsion) * Butterflies
Second Grade – Animal Groups * Life Cycles * Exploring and Measuring Matter * Plants and Soil Unit * Weather Unit * Solar System: Day and Night
Third Grade - Animals (vertebrates – invertebrates) * Food Chains * Ecosystems: Forest, Desert, Water * Exploring Light (reflection, refraction, absorption) * Matter: physical changes * Sound and Wave Motion * Simple Machines * Phases of the Moon * Water Cycle * Earth’s Rocks, Minerals and Soils
Fourth Grade – Animal Classification and Adaptations * Plant Life Cycles * Work and Simple Machines * Matter: chemical changes * Electricity: circuits, conductors, and insulators * Rocks and Minerals * Earth’s surface changes: volcanoes and earthquakes * Planets in the Solar System * Water Cycle Processes: precipitation, evaporation, condensation * Body Systems and Frog Dissection
Fifth Grade - Populations and Ecosystems (including dissection of owl pellets) * Matter (atoms and elements) * Motion and Forces (simple machines, potential and kinetic energy, Newton’s Laws) * Light and Color * Animal Cells and Body Systems * Solar System (including Egg Drop Project) * Plant Cells and Growth * Rocks and Soil * Ocean Waves and Currents
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